If you're not motivated, you may not have a character problem — you may have a maths problem. Jonathan Doyle unpacks expectancy-value theory (Vroom, Eccles & Wigfield): "choice, persistence, and performance can be explained by beliefs about how well we will do and the extent to which we value the activity." Drive = expectancy × value — and if either term is zero, effort collapses. Including the World Cup as a masterclass in both terms, the "should disease" of chasing goals you don't actually value, and the regret research on risks never taken.
"Fix the term that's at zero — not your personality."
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