In 1800, Jerusalem was a ghost of its former self. The Ottoman Empire was in decline, plague swept through the Holy City, and the population had plummeted to fewer than 9,000 souls. This episode explores a forgotten year of crisis—when the city's water system collapsed, the economy was in ruins, and a power struggle between local strongmen, the Ottoman governor, and Bedouin raiders pushed Jerusalem to the brink. We look at how a desperate community held on, and the little-known role of the Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land in keeping the Christian quarter alive. We also touch on the surprising story of a Jewish man from Morocco who became the city's unofficial water czar. This is Jerusalem at its lowest ebb—before the 19th-century revival changed everything.

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