In 1516, the Ottoman sultan Selim I crushed the Mamluk army at Marj Dabiq, and a year later his forces entered Jerusalem without a fight. This episode traces the swift transfer of power from the Mamluks to the Ottomans, the fate of the last Mamluk sultan Tuman Bay, and how Selim I secured loyalty from Jerusalem's religious elites—including a remarkable letter from the Jewish community. We also explore the architectural legacy of the early Ottoman period, when the city's famous water systems and the aqueduct from Solomon's Pools were rebuilt, laying the groundwork for Suleiman the Magnificent's later wall project. Along the way, we discuss the continuity of Mamluk institutions under Ottoman rule and why Jerusalem's population barely noticed the change of regimes.
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