William Howard - Medtronic

Bill Howard brings more than five decades of hands-on experience to the history of battery development, starting at Gould National Batteries in the 1960s and finishing with Medtronic in the 2010s. Bill walks us through multiple battery chemistries from Leclanché cells, to Li/MnO2 cells, to LTO/LCO Li-ion cells and more. He covers how Medtronic learned to manufacture Li-ion batteries in the USA by licensing technology from E-one Moli in Canada. Bill provides a unique perspective on the performance and safety constraints required for implantable medical devices.