The Great Depression was triggered by several compounding economic issues, including stock market speculation, widespread banking failures, and the implementation of restrictive monetary policies and protective tariffs. This severe financial collapse caused widespread unemployment, plummeting wages, and the total loss of family savings across the United States. While the entire country suffered, the Dust Bowl region experienced the most catastrophic damage because citizens simultaneously faced a devastating agricultural drought and extreme income loss. Conversely, areas with diverse manufacturing sectors or self-sufficient communities, such as Maryland and parts of the South Atlantic, were better insulated from the worst effects of the downturn. Ultimately, the national economy only fully recovered around 1940 due to increased government spending, wartime mobilization, and the implementation of the New Deal.
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