The Electoral College serves as the official mechanism established by the U.S. Constitution to choose the president every four years. Comprising 538 total electors, a candidate needs a simple majority of 270 electoral votes to secure the presidency. Most jurisdictions implement a winner-take-all approach, though Maine and Nebraska divide their votes based on congressional districts. Electors meet in December to cast their official ballots, which are subsequently counted and certified by Congress during a joint session in January. Over time, the system has experienced significant modifications, notably through the Twelfth Amendment, the inclusion of Washington, D.C., via the Twenty-Third Amendment, and the passage of the Electoral Count Reform Act.
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