Synopsis: Yamnaya migrations east and west carried their language and culture to the mountains of Siberia and plains of Hungary. Over the following centuries, their Corded Ware/Bell Beaker successors spread their daughter languages to the frontiers of Europe. As the Aridification Event began to take hold, increasing violence and declining herds drove some steppe tribes to migrate east of the Urals. The move gave rise to the metal-working, chariot-driving, Indo-Iranian-speaking Sintashta culture.

Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 3200 BC:

https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS3200M.jpg

Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 2800 BC:

https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS2800.jpg

Map of the Pontic-Caspian Steppe c. 2100 BC:

https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/PCS2100.jpg

Episode Images:

https://www.flickr.com/photos/75506172@N07/albums/72177720335547107/

References and Further Reading:

https://audio.ancientworldpodcast.com/A15_References.pdf

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