In this episode of The Story of Uzbekistan, Lucas and Luna explore the dark history of the Khiva slave market, one of Central Asia's largest and most enduring human trafficking hubs. From the 18th to the early 20th century, the Khanate of Khiva operated a massive slave trade, capturing Persians, Russians, and steppe nomads through raids and levying tribute. We trace the market's rise under Inaq and Qungrat rulers, its connection to the Bukharan and Turkmen slave trades, and the brutal conditions inside Khiva's slave pens. We also discuss the Russian Empire's military campaigns to suppress the trade, culminating in General Konstantin von Kaufman's conquest of Khiva in 1873 and the abolition of slavery there. Along the way, we touch on broader Central Asian slavery, including the role of the Turkmens as raiders, the economics of the market, and the legacy of this painful history in modern Uzbekistan. This episode offers a sobering look at a lesser-known chapter of Silk Road history.
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