This episode explores the rarely discussed Mithila Rebellion of 1790, a conflict where the newly unified Kingdom of Nepal under Prithvi Narayan Shah’s successors clashed with the Raj Darbar of Mithila. We examine the diplomatic tensions that arose from Nepal’s expansion into the Terai plains and how the Mithila court, led by Raja Balwant Singh, leveraged Sanskrit scholarship and British intelligence to resist Gorkha dominance. The narrative delves into the role of local aristocrats like Thapa and Pande families in enforcing Nepali rule, the cultural friction between hill warriors and plains intellectuals, and the eventual suppression of the revolt through the Muluki Ain legal framework. By focusing on this specific uprising, we uncover how language, law, and regional identity shaped early modern South Asian geopolitics long before the Treaty of Sugauli formalized borders.
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