In this episode of The British Empire: How It Controlled a Quarter of the World, we uncover the origins of the concentration camp system during the Second Boer War (1899-1902). Lucas and Luna explore how British commander Lord Kitchener implemented a scorched-earth policy, burning farms and forcibly relocating Boer civilians—women and children—into camps where disease and starvation killed over 26,000. The episode focuses on Emily Hobhouse, a British activist who exposed the horrific conditions, and the subsequent Fawcett Commission, which led to reforms but failed to halt the tragedy. We also discuss the broader imperial logic behind the camps and their grim legacy, drawing parallels to later 20th-century atrocities. Names and places include Lord Kitchener, Lord Roberts, Bloemfontein, the Witwatersrand, Emily Hobhouse, and the Fawcett Commission.
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