Germany wrote the world's first legal framework for driverless commercial service in 2021. Five years later, no operator holds a regular Level 4 approval. Why?
Till Stegemann is a lawyer at Rödl in Berlin. He advises cities, transport operators and companies on autonomous mobility. He is a co-author of the German Federal Ministry of Transport's handbook "Autonomous Driving in Public Transport", a practical guide for cities and transit operators on bringing driverless vehicles into public transport.
In this episode, Till walks through the German process step by step. Which permit, from which authority, in which order, and what has to be in the file. We cover the vehicle approval from the KBA, why the functional safety concept is where applications stall, what the technical supervisor may and may not do, and how EU and UN rules change the picture. We close with Till's verdict on why Germany has the law but not the market, and what cities and operators should do first.
Chapters 00:00 Intro: Germany's legal head start 01:37 The architecture: StVG, AFGBV and the SAE levels 09:01 Permit 1: Vehicle approval from the KBA 18:20 Permit 2: Operating area approval and the Berlin real-world test 24:12 The technical supervisor and the vehicle holder 29:22 Passenger transport permit and liability 32:30 EU type approval and the new UN regulation 37:48 Why Germany is not the first market 40:44 Advice for cities and operators
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