Northern Thailand PM2.5 Crisis: Smoke Season, Climate Cycles, and Regional Air Pollution

Northern Thailand faces a severe PM2.5 crisis each year during the dry season, when agricultural burning, forest fires, and regional air transport combine with climate patterns such as El Niño and La Niña to trap hazardous haze over mountain basins like Chiang Mai. This episode examines how weather variability, cross-border biomass burning, and atmospheric circulation intensify pollution levels, threatening respiratory health, ecosystems, and food security across Southeast Asia.

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