Trauma and PTSD: How the DSM Criteria Actually Help Us Understand What’s Going On

PTSD diagnosis is more complicated than identifying a trauma history. In this episode, we break down what qualifies as Criterion A trauma, the major PTSD symptom clusters, and how intrusion, avoidance, negative beliefs, hyperarousal, and dissociation can show up in practice. We also discuss acute stress disorder, fragmented traumatic memory, and why PTSD can be mistaken for depression, anxiety, mania, concentration problems, or psychosis. Along the way, we focus on careful trauma assessment: establishing a timeline, considering alternative diagnoses, monitoring the patient’s level of distress, and gathering what you need without turning a diagnostic interview into trauma therapy.

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