Every war has an ending. This one took about 150 years to reach it.
This is Episode 10, the final episode of our mini-series on Japanese history, made for JLPT N5–N3 learners. In about seven minutes, you'll follow the last chapter of the Warring States period: the death of Toyotomi Hideyoshi in 1598, the Battle of Sekigahara (関ヶ原の戦い) of 1600 that was settled in a single day, and Tokugawa Ieyasu becoming shōgun (将軍 / shogun) in 1603 — which still did not end the fighting.
We then move to Osaka Castle, where the rōnin (浪人 / ronin) of Japan gathered around Toyotomi Hideyori. You'll hear how the moats were filled in after the Winter Siege of 1614, how Sanada Yukimura fought his last battle in the Summer Siege of 1615, and how the fall of the castle closed the age of great wars. Finally, we look at what peace looked like: samurai working as officials for the shogunate and their domains, Edo growing into one of the largest cities in the world, and kabuki, ukiyo-e and haiku taking shape in a time without war — 天下泰平 (tenka taihei), peace under heaven.
You'll also learn the expression 天下分け目 (tenka wakeme), used today for the match that decides everything, and five useful everyday words: 気になる (ki ni naru), 埋める (umeru), 決まり (kimari), 仕組み (shikumi), and 表す (arawasu).
This is the last episode of the mini-series. If you haven't heard the earlier episodes yet — Nobunaga, Hideyoshi, Ieyasu, castles, ninja and battle tactics — this is a good time to go back and listen.
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