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Carlos Sonnenschein is Professor of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology at Tufts University School of Medicine. With Ana Soto, he developed the tissue organisation field theory of cancer: the idea that a tumour begins not in a rogue cell, but in the breakdown of the tissue around it. For fifty years he has argued that cancer research has been looking one level too low. Here he explains why the mutations we find in tumours may be the wreckage, not the cause.
Expect to learn:
- The default state: why every cell's natural tendency is to proliferate
- Growth factors: why he argued they don't exist, and why people laughed
- Mutations without cancer: why he says no gene has been shown to cause a cancer
- Targeted therapy: why he believes the target was never really there
- Cellular agency: how life, proliferation and motility fit together
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GS EPISODES MENTIONED
Michael Levin - Michael Levin: Bioelectricity, Morphogenesis, Platonic Spaces & Xenobots: https://youtu.be/LTBZRVKUwyM
GUEST LINKS
Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=VmTCfroAAAAJ
IEA Nantes Fellow Profile: https://www.iea-nantes.fr/en/fellows/carlos-sonnenschein
Biological Purpose Project: https://www.biologicalpurpose.org/people/carlos-sonnenschein
ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Carlos-Sonnenschein
An Integrative Approach Toward Biology, Organisms, and Cancer (2018): https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29119499
LISTEN ON
YouTube - https://youtu.be/AypMhvhWwjg
Apple - https://podcasts.apple.com/ie/podcast/the-giants-shoulder/id1752486249
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TIMESTAMPS
0:00:00 Trailer
0:02:26 From Paediatrics to Cancer Research
0:05:23 The Oestrogen Paradox
0:08:43 Proliferation Is the Default State of Every Cell
0:12:27 Inhibitors of Inhibitors
0:14:06 "Growth Factors Don't Exist"
0:15:31 The Somatic Mutation Theory
0:17:41 The Society of Cells and the Tissue Theory of Cancer
0:21:44 Stars and Dogs: Funding a Minority View
0:23:49 Teaching Cancer Through Genetics
0:25:01 How Does Tissue Keep Cells in Check?
0:26:04 Metastasis
0:28:34 Prostate Cancer and Spontaneous Regression
0:30:38 The Cost of Cancer Treatment
0:31:49 Melanoma, UV and the Standard Model
0:32:24 Mutations Without Cancer
0:35:17 No Gene Causes Cancer: BRCA1, p53 and RAS
0:37:00 Why Targeted Therapy Isn't Targeted
0:38:03 When Treatment Causes Cancer
0:40:39 What Does Genome Sequencing Tell You?
0:42:24 Why Does Cancer Run in Families?
0:45:41 Trauma, Healing and Tissue Robustness
0:47:59 A Theory of Organisms
0:50:59 What Is Life?
0:52:18 Economics Is a Branch of Biology
0:53:36 Cellular Agency
0:58:36 Defining Life: Proliferation and Motility
1:01:36 When Did Cells Become Agents?
1:04:49 The Future of Cancer Research
1:09:52 Final Thoughts
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