This segment explores the laws of tochen (grinding) in food preparation on Shabbos. Crushing salt with standard grinding tools (like a pestle and mortar) is prohibited, but doing so with an unusual method (e.g., knife handle or by hand) is permitted. Pre-ground items may be further broken down, as there is no prohibition of grinding after grinding.
Cooked meat and similar foods may be cut very finely since they are not subject to tochen, whereas raw meat for animals may not be finely chopped unless needed immediately. Grating cheese with a designated grater is prohibited, but cutting it finely with a knife is allowed.
The shiur also discusses distinctions between foods that require preparation to be edible versus those already fit for consumption, and how that impacts permissibility. Finally, it permits moistening detached produce (like vegetables) to prevent drying, but strictly forbids watering anything still attached to the ground due to the prohibition of planting-related activities.
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