Space Security: Threats, Capabilities and Europe's Path Forward

Europe's military space capabilities are expanding, but so are the threats they face. This episode discusses the IISS research paper Advancing European Military Capacity in Space, assessing how European governments are working to reduce their dependence on the United States in a domain that underpins modern warfare. From Russian GPS jamming and satellite shadowing to the prospect of a nuclear weapon in orbit, the episode maps the threat landscape before turning to Europe's response: where investment is going, where the gaps remain, and why coordination and launch capacity are as critical as the satellites themselves. It also tackles the legal grey zones created by commercial satellites being drawn into military operations and what the US Golden Dome missile defence programme means for arms control in space. 

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