Doug McHoney (PwC’s International Tax Services Global Leader) is joined by Shin Yamaguchi, a tax partner at PwC Japan, the Japanese inbound tax leader, and host of the English-language podcast Dial in Japan. Doug and Shin discuss Japan’s current inbound and outbound investment environment, the role of supply-chain diversification and energy security in Japanese outbound strategy, and why Japan remains an active market for inbound acquisitions and carve-outs. They also explore Japan’s Pillar Two implementation timeline, readiness for compliance, the interaction between Pillar Two and Japan’s CFC rules, practical administrative and substantive challenges for Japanese-parented groups, tariff-related uncertainty for US investment, and the tax controversy environment in Japan, including the continued focus on transfer pricing.