Norberg ES et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - Using metal‑responsive fluorescent Salmonella reporters, calf intestinal loops, and CRISPR edited epithelial cells, this study shows that the divalent metal transporter SLC11A2 is recruited to Salmonella‑containing vacuoles and restricts Fe2+ and Mn2+, limiting intracellular bacterial replication. Key terms: SLC11A2, nutritional immunity, Salmonella enterica, iron and manganese, intestinal epithelium.
Study Highlights:
The authors used metal‑sensing GFP reporters in Salmonella and a calf ligated ileal loop model to map metal availability and found a subpopulation of bacteria in IECs and lamina propria cells exposed to ≤0.1 µM Fe2+ and Zn2+, and possibly Mn2+, early in infection. SLC11A2 localized to the apical surface and endosomal network of IECs and was recruited to maturing Salmonella‑containing vacuoles; CRISPR knockout of SLC11A2 in HCT116 epithelial cells increased bacterial replication. Fluorescent reporters and ICP‑MS indicate vacuolar STm are less starved for Fe2+ and Mn2+ in the absence of SLC11A2, while Zn2+ and Mg2+ sensing was unchanged. Salmonella counters SLC11A2‑mediated restriction through the Mn2+/Fe2+ transporter MntH and siderophore production.
Conclusion:
SLC11A2 mediates epithelial nutritional immunity by sequestering Fe2+ and Mn2+ in Salmonella‑containing vacuoles, reducing vacuolar metal availability and limiting intracellular Salmonella replication.
Music:
Enjoy the music based on this article at the end of the episode.
Article title:
SLC11A2 withholds divalent metals from
Salmonella
in the gut epithelium
First author:
Norberg ES
Journal:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
DOI:
10.1073/pnas.2532675123
Reference:
Norberg ES, Knodler LA, et al. SLC11A2 withholds divalent metals from Salmonella in the gut epithelium. PNAS. 2026;123:e2532675123. doi:10.1073/pnas.2532675123
License:
This episode is based on an open-access article published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) – https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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QC:
This episode was checked against the original article PDF and publication metadata for the episode release published on 2026-07-05.
QC Scope:
- article metadata and core scientific claims from the narration
- excludes analogies, intro/outro, and music
- transcript coverage: Audited transcript sections covering nutritional immunity concepts, IEC-localized SLC11A2 function, calf ileal loop in vivo model, metal-responsive STm reporters, SLC11A2 recruitment to SCVs, SLC11A2 knockout effects in HCT116 cells, bacterial countermeasures (MntH and siderophores), intracellular niches (SCV vs cytoso
- transcript topics: Nutritional immunity and trace metal tug-of-war; SLC11A2 (NRAMP2) in intestinal epithelial cells; Calf ligated ileal loop model and metal availability; Metal-responsive Salmonella reporters (iroN, sitA, zinT); SLC11A2 recruitment to Salmonella-containing vacuoles; SLC11A2 knockout in HCT116 cells and impact on Salmonella replication
QC Summary:
- factual score: 10/10
- metadata score: 10/10
- supported core claims: 6
- claims flagged for review: 0
- metadata chec...
